These range from early filaments isolated or in clusters (that are only a few m in diameter and 10 m long) to long tangled mats (with fibers 10 m or wider in diameter and several hundred m long). Immunostaining was performed as described in Methods section. Psychiatric manifestations can include anxiety, depression, new onset of panic attacks, changes in behavior and personality. 2021-2022 Copyright Charles E. Holman Foundation. Samples of normal hair, colored filaments and dermal material from Cases 1 and 2, and BDD fibers were subjected to immersion in caustic agents. Red, blue, purple and black are colors found in keratin and are associated with structural coloring and/or melanin production [27-30]. People with Morgellons disease report a wide range of symptoms, including crawling sensations in their skin, joint and muscle pain, and memory problems. Similarly, in a 2017 case study, researchers documented the experience of a 30-year-old woman who claimed she had Morgellons disease. But this will always prompt you to accept/refuse cookies when revisiting our site. The study was published in the journal PLoS One. A recent report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) confirmed that these filaments have a protein composition that is consistent with keratin [6]. These MD patterns have been recognized in prior studies [1,2] and we propose a classification of localized MD versus disseminated MD based on the distribution of the dermopathy. and " the
Others think the symptoms are related to an infectious process in skin cells. In response to the lack of information on MD at the time, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) conducted a population-based study between 2006 and 2008. There were no visible organisms or evidence of vasculitis. Further study is needed. In cross section filaments appeared to originate beneath the stratum corneum (Figure 5C). He was diagnosed with trichotillomania and delusional parasitosis. Dermatology Online Journal. None of the study participants tested positive for B. burgdorferi infections. "They're pieces of cotton and other elements of clothing; common debris.". The patient is a 49-year-old registered nurse who had numerous tickbites while hiking, camping and horseback riding in Missouri, Texas and Northern California over more than a decade. Page where everyone can post their Morgellons pictures etc, all posts by you to page will be shared to the main page for discussion. In contrast, the filaments stained weakly with the more restrictive antibody AE5/AE6 directed against cytokeratin 5/6. It may be accompanied by a feeling of, Once called leprosy, Hansen's disease is a curable bacterial infection. Figure 2E: Blue filament with bulb-like end (50 m diameter) similar to a hair follicle from Case 1 (100x magnification). That the lesions that are protruding from their body are actually all in their head and a result of them having incessantly scratched themselves before being examined. http://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/gard/browse-by-first-letter/M, https://www.youtube.com/embed/xsiJpuARHcE, http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-5945/15/1
Morgellons disease is an emerging multisystem illness characterized by unexplained dermopathy and unusual skin- associated filament production. Mohandas P, et al. Figure 1A: Lesions on hands of Case 1 following extensive antimicrobial treatment. People with Morgellons disease deserve compassionate treatment, even though health care providers may disagree about the nature of the condition. After a very short time, more and more black specks appeared on the skin. Transparent filaments were observed that stemmed from cells within the inner root sheath (Figure 4C). All rights reserved. Acid-resistant biofilm with short outgrowing filaments (streamers) However, they did not find a common underlying medical condition or infectious agent among them. Doctors may refer someone to a psychiatrist for further evaluation if the person experiences symptoms of depression or anxiety or has a history of mental illness. If youre considering trying a treatment you found on your own, its best to research it and talk with your doctor first. Treatments vary depending on what a persons doctor believes is the underlying cause. Figure 3B: Red and blue fibers embedded in skin from Case 2 (100x magnification). Similar filament structures have previously been reported and photographed in MD [31]. Read DH, Walker RL, Castro AE, Sundberg JP, Thurmond MC (1992) An invasive spirochaete associated with interdigital papillomatosis of dairy cattle. Showing.. All three patients had symptoms and laboratory findings consistent with systemic illness and indicative of tickborne disease. Morgellons disease causes black, white, red, or blue fibers to appear under the skin or protrude from it. privacy practices. Since many people with MD have anxiety or depression as well, your treatment may also include mental health medications or counseling. Note that blocking some types of cookies may impact your experience on our websites and the services we are able to offer. Morgellons Microscope Images #1 Microscope Images Gallery 1 2 3 4 5 6 Disease Pictures Videos Biofilm Mikroscope Images 1 These objects are made from dried biofilm from which even small filaments grow out. Dr. Anne Louise Oaklander, a neurologist at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, said Morgellons might stem from damage to the nerves that transmit the itch sensation. We use cookies to enhance your browsing experience and analyze our traffic. Scientists use genetic rewiring to increase lifespan of cells, Beyond amyloid and tau: New targets in developing dementia treatments, Napping longer than 30 minutes linked to higher risk of obesity and high blood pressure, Activity 'snacks' could lower blood sugar, complication risk in type 1 diabetes, In Conversation: Investigating the power of music for dementia. http://f1000research.com/articles/2-25/v1, http://schaechter.asmblog.org/schaechter/2008/02/why-do-bacteria.html, Motions
Medical evaluation was negative for autoimmune or infectious diseases, and neuropsychiatric evaluation was entirely normal. Chronic Lyme disease (or post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome) occurs when someone whos treated with antibiotic therapy continues to experience, Lyme disease is an infectious disease that's transmitted to humans through tick bites. APPROPRIATIONS U.S. SENATE. The exact cause of the condition remains unknown. Medical evaluation was negative for autoimmune or infectious diseases, and neuropsychiatric evaluation revealed reactive depression. By clicking "Accept All", you consent to our use of cookies. Like BDD, MD is associated with apparent spirochetal infection and unusual filament production [3]. ", 24/7 coverage of breaking news and live events. They appear under the nail or close to the edge of the nail. tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09546634.2017.1349868, ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC5383751/, ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC3266263/, ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC5038112/, tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01913123.2016.1190434, ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC5929959/, onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ccr3.5148, Skin Infection: Types, Causes, and Treatment, Chronic Lyme Disease (Post-Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome), Everything You Need to Know About Lyme Disease, Anxiety and Itching: What to Do When They Happen Together, The Benefits of Dermarolling at Home: A Complete Guide. People with MD often report feeling stinging, crawling, or. Savely VR, Leitao MM (2005) Skin lesions and crawling sensations: disease or delusion? One sample revealed fibers tangled around a hair and these fibers may have been associated with the hair follicle (Figure 3C). Note punctate appearance of open lesions and scarred appearance after healing. Review/update the There are no tests for Morgellons. This finding demonstrates that the filaments are of human cellular origin and are not textile fibers. Click to enable/disable Google reCaptcha. The coloring of the filaments is not well understood but research has shown that the blue filaments contain granules of melanin. The CDC did a study of 115 people with Morgellons, which the CDC refers to as an unexplained dermatopathy. Morgellons disease (MD) is a rare condition that involves fibers appearing underneath the skin or emerging from slow-healing skin sores. Borrelia, a spirochetal bacterium, has been detected in all Morgellons study subjects so far. Our study demonstrates that Morgellons disease is not delusional and that skin lesions with unusual fibers are not self-inflicted or psychogenic. Due to the controversial nature of the condition, a good relationship between a person and their doctor can have a major impact on the overall outcome of the disease. This led to the condition being labeled delusional parasitosis in 1946 and the widespread belief that MD is a delusional disorder. EyeClops BioniCam Morgellons Fibers "It was important to rule out an infectious cause because a lot of people were concerned about transmission.". Various structures composed of clumps, strings, and nest-like balls of hyaline filaments were observed and some of these were glued together by clotted or dried exudate (Figure 2D). He began to notice painful fibers coming out of the skin on his face, head and other hirsute areas, and he could not sleep because the fibers were so painful. Morgellons disease; Digital dermatitis; Lyme disease; Borrelia burgdorferi; Spirochetes; Keratin. While all treatment suggestions posted are reviewed by licensed medical personnel associated with the CEHF, the decision by an individual to use the information posted in their own treatment does not constitute the establishment of a doctor-patient relationship nor a contractual or professional arrangement of any sort. Repeated picking can cause or worsen sores and sometimes lead to an infection. mystery of Morgellons has finally been solved! Lighted microscopy (60-x minimum) enables the visualization of these unusual fibers, often-colored red, blue, black, white or clear, embedded in open skin lesions as well as their presence beneath intact skin. 63 likes. Final
Meanwhile, a 2018 case study reported that the fibers themselves were inorganic and mixed in with keratin, a protein thats important to the structure of skin. The distinguishing characteristic of Morgellons is the presence of microscopic subcutaneous fibers. Additionally, of the 40 people that completed a psychiatric assessment, 63 percent were found to have clinically significant somatic concerns. AskMayoExpert. 2020; doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2020.0394. People living with Morgellons disease may also develop slow-healing ulcers on their skin. The first investigative science-based evidence of Morgellons psychogenesis. and Prevention to study an unexplained skin condition commonly known as
Morgellons disease: Experiences of an integrated multidisciplinary dermatology team to achieve positive outcomes [Abstract]. Morgellons is the name of a contested. This content does not have an Arabic version. Both MD filaments and BDD filaments fluoresce in UV light (Figures 2-5). Learn, Acral peeling skin syndrome is a rare genetic condition that causes the top layer of the skin to peel. Morgellons, also referred to as unexplained dermopathy or fiber disease, is a collection of symptoms that primarily involve the skin. Changes will take effect once you reload the page. You may also see it referred to as a type of delusional infestation. We avoid using tertiary references. Textile fibers have never been produced in this manner, and the suggestion that these unusual formations are manufactured textile fibers is not credible. Can diet help improve depression symptoms? However, they identified bacteria or fungi in 19 people. It will blow up one of your organs, leaving you in bed for a year." So it's new, frightening and profoundly odd. Support groups may be online or in-person, and a couple of examples include: Talking with others who have MD may help you better explain the disease to your family, friends, and doctor. Other case studies of people with MD have also found no evidence of B. burgdorferi infection. However, a person with the condition has a higher risk of developing skin infections due to frequent picking at their skin. Phase 1: Recovery of Morgellons-Related Particles . She was treated with antimicrobial medications and her fatigue and musculoskeletal pain improved significantly. Of those with Morgellons disease, 77% had at least one additional infection. In this case, the fibers in the MD lesions were actually found to be from the environment and not the body. Ohn J, et al. The authors thank Drs. She has received intermittent courses of antibiotics over the past six years, and her skin lesions continue to wax and wane (Figure 1B). Despite evidence demonstrating that an infectious process is involved and that lesions are not self-inflicted, many medical practitioners continue to claim that this illness is delusional. 2023 Healthline Media UK Ltd, Brighton, UK. Morgellons disease is a condition characterized by a belief that parasites or fibers are emerging from the skin. You can find many home remedies for MD online, but they may not be safe or effective. The collected samples were examined by bright-field microscopy at 100x magnification. This observation indicates that the fibers originate from specific tissues that require further characterization. Morgellons Disease (MD) is a multi-system illness uniquely characterized by the formation of unusual fibers within the skin. The effect of spirochetes on keratinocyte function may also play a role in altered keratin production associated with MD and BDD [22,25,26]. Morgellons Disease (MD) is a multi-system illness uniquely characterized by the formation of unusual fibers within the skin. She received anti-parasitic medication, and the lesions improved to the point that she could once again do gardening. Jan. 25, 2012— -- A new study published today sheds light on Morgellons disease, a controversial condition marked by crawling sensations in the skin. For the chemical experiments, samples of normal hair, filaments from Cases 1 and 2 and BDD fibers were studied for reactivity to three caustic agents: sodium hypochlorite 12%, sodium hydroxide 10%, and potassium hydroxide 10%. The observation that MD fibers are found beneath unbroken skin, may grow from an epidermal matrix and are associated with hair follicles suggests that they are not self-implanted textile fibers [1-3]. Colored fibers were often found near larger hair follicles or appeared to have follicular bulb-like ends, suggesting an association with hair follicles and follicular keratinocytes. Case 2: Microscopic examination of scab material revealed scab detritus imbedded with long filaments of various colors (Figures 3A- 3D). Dermarolling, aka microneedling, is the art of erasing unwanted acne scars, wrinkles, and stretch marks. NaOCl, sodium hypochlorite; NaOH, sodium hydroxide; KOH, potassium hydroxide. (2016). The distinguishing characteristic of Morgellons Disease (MD) is the presence of microscopic subcutaneous fibers sometimes referred to as filaments within the skin. Because BDD is a disease in which spirochetes have been identified as primary etiologic agents, and spirochetal sero-reactivity has been associated with MD, it is reasonable to assume that spirochetal infection plays an important role in MD filament production. If you then examine them under the microscope - you can only see red, green, blue, glassy and black filaments, which are also surrounded by slime (biofilm). Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. Biopsy material from proliferative late stage BDD was examined for comparison to MD samples with 8x magnification under a dissecting microscope. A comparison between BDD and MD suggests that the unusual fibers seen in MD patients may result from hyperkeratosis and filament production as described in BDD. Morgellons exists. health information, we will treat all of that information as protected health Finally, as this article mentions earlier, another 2018 review found that the fibers came from human cells. RBS serves without compensation on the medical advisory panel for QMedRx Inc. Figure 5A: Bovine digital dermatitis (BDD) sample showing coarse fibers (8x magnification). Table 1: Dissolution of Morgellons filaments and BDD fibers in caustic reagents. Note similarity to MD floral fibers from Case 1 (Figure 2A). Rather, it's a collection of unexplained symptoms including abnormal sensations that sufferers describe as the feeling of insects crawling on the skin. If you refuse cookies we will remove all set cookies in our domain. The number of UV fibers recovered on the filters was counted for each . A 2016 case study used an electron microscope to compare fibers collected from a person with MD to fibers collected around their apartment, like human hair, pet hair, or plastic fibers. DEPARTMENTS OF LABOR,
She also developed fatigue and musculoskeletal pain, and systemic steroid treatment exacerbated these symptoms without any improvement in the skin lesions. Infections can range from mild to severe. bacteria as a cause of the disease: Spirochaete
Ultimately, doctors will base their diagnosis on physical examination and laboratory tests. Morgellons disease is a rare skin condition involving the appearance of black, white, red, or blue fibers underneath or protruding from the skin. Hyaline or white fibers fluoresced brightly, as did blue fibers (Figure 2F). This finding suggests that some of the colored fibers of follicular origin may in fact be modified hairs. The Morgellons Research Foundation PO BOX 357, Guilderland, NY. What are the symptoms of Morgellons disease? Finally in 2005 a physician noted fibers under his skin using a 60x hand-held microscope. Note floral appearance of fibers (100x magnification). Make your tax-deductible gift and be a part of the cutting-edge research and care that's changing medicine. Case 3: Microscopic examination was performed with particular attention to hair follicles, as the patient had reported unusual filament formation associated with the follicles. Here you'll find answers to common questions about Morgellons and suggestions for coping with it. Microbiology), https://idw-online.de/de/image?id=138292&display_lang=de_DE, http://www.sciencephoto.com/media/14736/view, http://www.mevis-research.de/~hhj/Lunge/CTGlossarLunge.html, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2774030/. Treatment of Morgellons disease with doxycycline. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. Dissolution of fibers was assessed by fraying, loss of shape and/or disintegration at each timepoint. Many people with MD also have depression, anxiety, or other mental health disorders. The team performed clinical evaluations, analyzed skin and blood samples, and reviewed the medical history of each participant. A time lapse video under the microscope has been developed and presented on this page which demonstrates the cultured growth pattern and behavior of a primary pathogenic form that is in direct association with the so-called "Morgellons" condition. Melanin pigmentation was not seen in the fibers. In short, jock itch can spread between, Dark lips are often the result of hyperpigmentation. These observations suggest that hyperkeratosis and keratin filament production associated with spirochetal infection is a plausible explanation for the clinical and microscopic findings in MD. Differences between the keratinocytes found in the inner root sheath of hair follicles and keratinocytes found in the basal skin layer may account for the differences of location, structure, coloring and size of fibers seen in this study [32,33]. Fibers were also observed under intact skin using a 60x handheld microscope. Figure 1C: Head of Case 3 photographed at disease onset in 2002 (top) and during disease flare in 2011 (bottom). Morgellons disease is an unexplained skin condition. A cross section of BDD filaments likewise demonstrates filament origin from cells beneath the stratum corneum (Figure 5), consistent with descriptions in the literature of growth from keratinocytes [14,19]. Over half of them (54 percent) rated their overall health as fair to poor. Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information. She recalled numerous tickbites but never saw an erythema migrans (EM) rash, and she was found to have positive testing for B. burgdorferi, Babesia microti and Bartonella henselae. (2016). However, some healthcare professionals and researchers believe Morgellons disease results from a tick-borne bacterial infection, similar to Lyme disease, while others believe it is a mental health disorder. ", Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus cereus group. as the only cause of Morgellons? "It
al., Microbiology), National Health Institute:
This content does not have an English version. Smaller, pale purple fibers (10 m diameter) appeared to form a mesh around the follicle. Why is Morgellons a controversial condition? Patel A, et al. The movements of fibers observed under a microscope are caused by static electricity or the random motion of particles in a fluid (Brownian motion). Filaments stemming from the bulb end were found in some follicles and these appeared as rootlike growths (Figure 4B). The choice to use any treatments posted on the web site is strictly left to the individual. The fibers themselves are also controversial. Wymore RS (2011) Morgellons disease research; shotgun DNA analysis, PCR, microscopy and spectroscopy. Morgellons filaments have been photographed growing from pavement epithelial cells, and this process resembles the evolution of filaments seen in BDD. After further analysis, they concluded that most fiber samples contained cotton. This material was also tested for fluorescence under UV light. Patients also demonstrate a higher than expected percentage of positive laboratory findings for other tick-borne diseases, suggesting the possible involvement of coinfecting pathogens [10]. For example, the authors of a 2015 study found B. burgdorferi in 24 out of the 25 participants with Morgellons disease. Because of this, there are limited studies on who exactly gets MD and if there are any risk factors associated with it. Another common symptom is the feeling of burning, stinging, or crawling on the skin. He is reluctant to see any more physicians about his skin condition (Figure 1C). Some lesions healed slowly, leaving visible scarring, while others did not heal at all, and fibers that were resistant to extraction were observed within several lesions. Researchers were able to identify 115 individuals with self-reported MD within an area of Northern California. Figure 2G: Iridescence of a green fiber from Case 1 (100x magnification). But blood tests for Borrelia burgdorferi, the bacteria that causes Lyme disease, came back negative. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The BDD filaments demonstrated fluorescence under UV light (Figure 5D). The predominant cells found in pavement epithelial tissue are keratinocytes. GMO Alien Hair Fiber Alive Under Microscope, Morgellons, Parasite, Transhumanism, Geo Engineering NoneForNonny 2.66K subscribers 296 36K views 11 years ago This is magnified by 20 and as you can. Patients may demonstrate abnormal laboratory findings indicative of low-grade anemia, endocrine dysfunction, immune dysfunction and inflammation [8,10]. Looking under the microscope, the samples look like amorphous skin, like a skin sample from a normal person might look. information is beneficial, we may combine your email and website usage information with The study showed that most of the fibers in the skin sores could be explained by repeated itching and contamination by fabric fibers rather than fibers emerging from the skin. Lyme disease-like symptoms in MD such as neurological disorders and joint pain are evidence of systemic involvement [1,2,7] . Delusional infestation: clinical presentation in 147 patients seen at Mayo Clinic. In the 2012 study, researchers from the CDC examined 115 people with symptoms of Morgellons disease. Filaments have been observed protruding from and attached to a matrix of epithelial cells [3]. RELATED AGENCIES APPROPRIATION BILL, 2008. Figure 2D: Clumps of hyaline filaments surrounding clotted or dried exudate from Case 1 (100x magnification). Borgmann JE, Bailey J, Clark EG (1996) Spirochete-associated bovine digital dermatitis. Case 1 had skin lesions confined to the hands (Figure 1A), while Cases 2 and 3 had disseminated skin lesions over the head, trunk and extremities (Figures 1B and 1C). He went to several dermatologists and was treated with topical lindane and oral cephalexin without benefit. (2021). Aung-Din D, et al. Sometimes samples were taken directly from the skin pore by skin shading or needle. Inorganic means that a material doesnt come from a living thing. These cookies collect information that is used either in aggregate form to help us understand how our website is being used or how effective our marketing campaigns are, or to help us customize our website and application for you in order to enhance your experience. Still, more research is needed to determine the connection between these conditions. The scientists also reported that 43% of the participants had fibrous material in at least one skin lesion. To manage the signs and symptoms of the condition: There is a problem with There, Jock itch and related conditions can cause discomfort and itchy, irritated skin. (2018). Sign up for free, and stay up to date on research advancements, health tips and current health topics, like COVID-19, plus expertise on managing health. . Figure 3C: Fibers tangled around a hair (larger black shaft to right of figure) in Case 2 (100x magnification). Spontaneouslyappearing, slow-healing lesions*, Seed-like objects/ granules and black specks on/in skin, Fine, thread like colored fibers beneath and/or extruding from the skin, Brain fog and diminished higher cognitive abilities, General malaise; intense, life-impacting pain. The CEHF officially recommends you consult with your health care professional before using any medication or treatment, as only you and your medical care provider know your own unique and individual medical issues. Morgellons Disease: The Committee urges the Centers for Disease Control
The observation of unusual filaments forming in lesions is not unique to humans afflicted with MD. In a more recent 2018 study involving 1,000 people with Lyme disease, 6% of these individuals had Morgellons disease and tested positive for B. burgdorferi. A 2012 study evaluated 147 individuals who presented at the Mayo Clinic for diagnosis and treatment of a reported infestation. HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, AND EDUCATION, AND
It has also been determined that there are no fungal components to the etiology of Morgellons. The childhood skin conditions called the Morgellons involved hairs or worms projecting from the skin, sparking debate about their origin. Further, one researcher in this group has been previously accused of scientific misconduct. The goal was to better characterize MD as a condition and learn more about the people who develop it. practitioners and the public. Recen t Morgellons disease research has found ample evidence that a patient's symptoms stem from the body's reaction to a bacterial infection. (2017). Morgellons is not an official diagnosis. Copyright
Because the fibers can be red, green, blue, white, or black, they may look like microscopic fibers from clothing. Since 70% of people do not get the sores associated with morgellons, the only way to really know is to look for the filaments that appear on or under the skin. Treatment with oral ketoconazole and fluconazole provided marginal improvement in the crawling sensations and skin lesions. Morgellons". The patient also noted the onset of fatigue, joint pain and muscle aches, and systemic steroid treatment exacerbated these symptoms without any improvement in the skin lesions. These hairs were similar in appearance to Morgellons filaments. Patients and physicians often misinterpret Morgellons symptoms as being parasitic in origin but researchers concur that no parasites are involved with the etiology of Morgellons. Further immunohistological and electron microscopy studies are needed to solve the mystery of Morgellons filaments. It found that they were mostly made of superficial skin or from cellulose, which is a component of cotton fibers found in clothing. BDD in cattle is associated with hyperkeratosis, keratin filament formation and spirochetal infection [12-20]. Too much sun exposure, smoking, allergic reactions, and even lip sucking can lead to. Following further analysis, the researchers concluded that the fibers contained human skin cells. other information we have about you. 2017; doi:10.1080/09546634.2017.1395389. However, more research is necessary to confirm the cause of the condition. We provide you with a list of stored cookies on your computer in our domain so you can check what we stored. A doctor who does not see any protruding fibers can look for fibers under the skin with an EyeClops BioniCam microscope. Morgellons Syndrome aka Filamentous Biofilms (Updated 2021). Figure 2C: Hyaline fibers forming macroscopic masses in finger webbing from Case 1 (50x magnification). Three patients meeting the clinical criteria for Morgellons disease collected calluses, scabs, filaments, and other dermatological debris and submitted the material for microscopic examination. Latestage proliferative lesions demonstrate elongation of keratinocytes, hyperkeratosis, and proliferation of long keratin filaments [12-14]. While some doctors and scientists believe MD to be infection-based, others think it may be purely psychological. Color intensity and hue of the red and blue filaments was influenced by the color spectrum of the illuminating light. They may also recommend talk therapy or cognitive behavioral therapy. Krooks JA, et al. Does Morgellons affect certain demographic groups more than othersmen .
Dorchester County, Maryland Plantations,
Articles M